UPSC PYQ

 

‘Diazotrophs’ is a term used for which of the following?

Bacteria that causes disease in sugarcane.

Bacteria used in artificial cultivation of paddy.

Bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen gas into a more usable form.

Bacteria that live in human guts and help in digestion.

With reference to ‘irrigation systems’, consider the following statements:

Sprinkler irrigation is more suitable for sandy soils than Drip irrigation.

Drip irrigation easily adapts to odd-shaped planting areas which are difficult to address with sprinklers or gravity irrigation.

Drip irrigation has an increased water efficiency when compared to Sprinkler irrigation systems.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Consider the following statements about Viruses:

It reproduces only inside the cells of the host organism.

It has the potential to infect either bacteria, plants or animals.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements:

‘Lactobacillus’ bacteria promotes formation of curd by releasing carbon dioxide in the milk.

‘Yeast’ is used in the baking industry as it increases the volume of the dough through the process of ‘fermentation’.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

With reference to ‘Manures’, which of the following statements is incorrect?

It enhances the water holding capacity of the soil.

It makes the soil porous.

It increases the number of friendly microbes.

It provides nutrients to plants in a specified quantity.

Which of the following issues are mentioned in the list of health threats given by the World Health Organisation (WHO)?

Weak primary health care

Antimicrobial resistance

Vaccine hesitancy

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

With reference to Input Tax Credit (ITC), consider the following statements:

The facility of ITC is not available under the Goods and Services Tax (GST).

A business can use input tax credit to reduce its tax liability when it makes a sale.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements with reference to Arab League:

It is a regional organization of Arab countries of North Africa.

Beirut Declaration on international refugee crisis is related to it.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Farmers generally put seeds in water before sowing. As a result, some of the seeds start to float on top. This practice is undertaken for which of  the following purposes?

To increase the weight of the seeds for easier sowing.

To increase the water retentive capacity of the seeds for faster water absorption from the soil.

To make it easier for the seed to absorb nutrients from the soil.

To distinguish between good quality and poor- quality seeds.

It is the tallest flying bird in the world. This bird is categorized as “vulnerable” as per IUCN status. It has three disjunct populations in the Indian sub-continent, south-east Asia and northern Australia. Two wetlands in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh have been undergoing restoration for its habitat. It is?

Sarus crane

Red-crowned crane

Sandhill crane

Siberian crane

With reference to G77, consider the following statements:

It was formed by a group of developing countries at a United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) conference.

Its chairmanship is based on a system of geographical rotation.

Both India and China are its members.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Which of the following sets of pair(s) is/are correctly matched?

Microbes Associated Industrial Production

Aspergillus niger Lactic acid

Yeast Ethanol

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Clostridium butylicum

Acetic acid



Q.15) Which of the following sets of pair(s) is/are

Lactobacillus Citric acid

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 3 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Consider the following statements:

For pasteurization, the milk is heated and then suddenly chilled and stored.

Pasteurised milk can be consumed without boiling as it is free from harmful microbes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

With reference to nitrogen gas, consider the following statements:

Although nitrogen is a dominant gas in the atmosphere, it is inert and does not react.

When it is released as a part of compounds from agriculture, sewage and biological waste, it becomes reactive.

It is an air pollutant as well as a greenhouse gas.

correctly matched?

Complex Substances Simpler Form

Carbohydrates Glucose

Proteins Glycerol

Fats Fatty acids

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

3 only

1 and 2 only

2 only

1 and 3 only

With reference to ‘Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Protsahan Yojana’, consider the following statements:

It is a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Skills Development and Entrepreneurship.

It aims to promote employment generation and the entire system is Aadhaar based.

It is targeted for workers earning wages upto Rs. 15,000/- per month.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Which of the following sets of pair(s) is/are correctly matched?

Organism Symbiotic relationship

Lichens algae and fungus

Cuscuta plants and bacteria

Rhizobium animals and bacteria

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 3 only

2 only

1 only

2 and 3 only

With reference to “Zearalenone” recently seen in the news, consider the following statements:

It is a bacterial toxin affecting fruits, vegetables and cereals.

It attacks crops while they are growing.

It can also develop when cereals are stored without being dried fully.

Which of the statements given above is/are not

correct?

1 only

2 and 3 only

2 only

1 and 3 only

Consider the following statements:

Ingestion is the breakdown of complex components of food into simpler substances.

Egestion is the process of taking food into the body.

Digestion is the removal of faecal matter from the body.

Which of the statements given above is/are

incorrect?

2 only

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Consider the following statements:

Starch is broken down into sugar in the mouth by an enzyme called ‘amylase’.

Proteins are broken down into simpler substances by digestive juices in the stomach.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Which of the following correctly explains the term ‘Biopiracy’?

Exploitation of bio-resources without proper authorization from the authorities concerned.

Theft of living materials, plants or animals.

Use of bio-patents.

Use of bio-resources with compensatory payment.

Consider the statements regarding

‘Pseudopodia’:

They are present in organisms or cells for the purpose of ingestion.

White Blood Cell is an example of pseudopodia.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements with reference to the ‘World Capital of Architecture’:

Paris is the first city to receive this title in 2020.

It has been launched by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and  the International Union of Architects (UIA).

This initiative aims to preserve the architectural heritage in urban context.

Which of the statements given above is/are not

correct?

1 only

2 and 3 only

3 only

1 and 2 only

Consider the following statements:

Azospirillum and Azotobacter are fungi that can fix atmospheric nitrogen while free living in the soi.

Anabaena and Nostoc serve as important biofertilizers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements:

The Periodic Table is arranged according to similar chemical properties only.

‘Dmitry Mendeleev’ published the first Periodic Table.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

In the context of innate immunity of the human body, which of the following best describe the term ’Interferons’?

Mucus coating of the epithelium lining the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts.

Mechanisms that prevent microbial growth - acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth, tears from eyes.

Certain types of leukocytes (White Blood Cells) of our body.

Virus-infected cells that secrete proteins which protect non-infected cells from further viral infection.

Consider the following statements regarding Bt toxin:

It forms protein crystals which contain a toxic insecticidal protein.

If ingested by an insect leads to swelling of cells and ultimately leads to death of the insect.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Which of the following is the correct sequence of development of an embryo?

Gamete-Zygote-Embryo

Gamete-Embryo-Zygote

Embryo-Gamete-Zygote

Zygote-Gamete-Embryo

With reference to soils, consider the following statements:

Sandy soil constitutes smaller particles than clayey soil.

Sandy soil is less aerated than clayey soil.

Clayey soil is heavier than the sandy soil.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 3 only

3 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

Consider the following statements:

Those animals which directly give birth to young ones are called ‘Oviparous animals’.

Those animals which lay eggs are called

‘Viviparous animals’.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements about respiration:

‘Cellular respiration’ takes place in single- celled organisms only.

When the food is broken into carbon dioxide and water using oxygen, it is called ‘Aerobic Respiration’.

When the food is broken into carbon dioxide and water without oxygen, it is called ‘Anaerobic Respiration’.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Consider the following statements regarding adolescence:

The deep voice of boys is due to a smaller Larynx.

The high-pitched voice of girls is due to a larger larynx.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

In the context of microbes acting as biocontrol agents, consider the following statements:

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can be used to control butterfly caterpillars.

Trichoderma can be used for attacking insects and other pests.

Baculovirus can be used for the treatment of plant diseases.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

3 only

Consider the following statements:

Endocrine glands are ductless glands that release hormones directly into the blood.

The production of testosterone is under the control of another hormone secreted by the pituitary gland.

Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements:

A single celled organism yeast, respires aerobically and in the process produce alcohol.

Muscle cramps occur when muscle cells breathe anaerobically and in the process produce lactic acid.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements:

A ‘Plasmid’ is a small DNA molecule within a cell that can replicate independently.

A ‘Bacteriophage’ is a bacteria that infects a virus.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

With reference to the function of blood in human body, consider the following statements:

It transports digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of the body.

It carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body.

It transports waste for removal from the body.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

With reference to ‘Bile juice’, consider the following statements:

It is a juice secreted in the Gallbladder.

It is stored in the Liver.

It plays an important role in digestion of fats.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

3 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

2 only

With reference to the ‘Kalamsat-V2’ satellite launched by ISRO, consider the following statements:

It is the first satellite to use the fourth stage (PS4) of Polar Satellite Launch  Vehicle  (PSLV) as an orbital platform.

It was developed by ISRO.

It will serve as Communication satellite for ham radio transmission.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 3

Which of the following adaptations of animals are you likely to find in Tropical Rainforests?

Thick Skin

Bright colours

White fur

Wide and Large Paw

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 4

3 and 4 only

d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Which of the following sets of pairs is/are correctly matched?

Blood Vessels Function

Veins Carries oxygen rich blood

Arteries Carries carbon dioxide rich blood

Pulmonary Artery Carries carbon dioxide-

rich blood to the lungs.

Pulmonary Vein Carries oxygen-rich

blood from the lungs to the heart.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2 only

3 and 4 only

c) 1, 2, 3 and 4

d) 1 and 4 only

Consider the following statements:

‘Canopy’ of a plant refers to the total aboveground parts of an individual plant.

‘Crown’ is the outermost layer of the leaves formed by an individual tree or by a group of trees.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

In the context of biotechnology, which of the following can be considered as the potential advantages of ‘Single Cell Protein (SCP)’ technique?

Reduced human dependency on conventional agriculture.

High rate of biomass production and growth.

Lower environmental degradation.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

2 only

3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Consider the following statements about vitamins:

Vitamins are organic substances made by plants and animals that are essential for the human body to grow and function properly.

Vitamins are water soluble only.

Which of the statements given above is/are

incorrect?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Consider the following statements regarding ‘Human Heart’:

Human heart is divided into four chambers.

The upper two chambers are called Ventricles and lower ones are called Atrium.

Pulse rate is due to the muscles of the heart contracting and relaxing rhythmically.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Which of the following activities will result in the production of CO2?

Dough, used to make dosa and idli

Cheese manufacturing

Production of beverages

Sewage treatment

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 and 2 only

3 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3 only

d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

With respect to “DNA Fingerprinting”, consider the following statements:

It involves identifying differences in some specific regions in a DNA sequence known as repetitive DNA.

It is found that 99.9 percent of base sequence of DNA among human beings is different.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

In context of plant reproduction, which of the following are the ‘Asexual modes of reproduction’:

Budding

Spore formation

Fragmentation

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 3 only

2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

With reference to ‘Celiac disease’, consider the following statements :

It is caused by eating gluten that is not digested completely.

It is a genetic disease.

It affects the small intestine.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

In the context of ‘sexual reproduction in plants’, consider the following statements:

Transfer of pollen from the Anther to the Stigma of a flower is called ‘pollination’.

Cross pollination occurs between different flowers of the same plant.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2